William Caldwell-- Part 2: Northwest Indian War and War of 1812

During the Northwest Indian War, Caldwell led a company  of 80-150 Canadian militia alongside Northwestern Confederacy Natives against advancing American troops at the Battle of Fallen Timbers, the final engagement of that war.

With the outbreak of the War of 1812, Caldwell was commissioned a lieutenant colonel and given command of a group of between 40 and 50 volunteers from the Canadian militia and they became known as Caldwell's Rangers(also sometimes referred to as the Western Rangers).

He fought at the Battle of   the Thames and the Battle of  Longwoods, among many actions.

He gained commissions for all his sons in the regular army.

--Brock-Perry

This Month in the War of 1812: Brownstown, USS Constitution, Battle of Fallen Timbers, Bladensburg and D.C.

From the American Battlefield Trust 2022 calendar.

AUGUST 5, 1812

**  Skirmish near Brownstown, Michigan

AUGUST19, 1812

**  The USS Constitution defeats the HMS Guerriere

AUGUST 20, 1794

General Anthony Wayne defeats a Native American confederation at the Battle of Fallen Timbers, paving the way for the settlement of Ohio.

AUGUST 24, 1814

**  Battle of Bladensburg, Maryland

AUGUST 24, 1814

**  Burning of Washington, D.C.

--Brock-Perry

The Encampment Called Greene Ville-- Part 2: Battle of Fallen Timbers and Treaty of Greenville

The camp (well, Fort Greenville) had a double two of cabins within the walls and each corner had a defensive bulwark.  In addition, there was a blockhouse in the central wall on each side  There were eight redoubts, each with blockhouses.  A strong fortification indeed.

This was General Wayne's winter encampment 1793-1794.  In the spring of 1794, he led his troops to what is now Toledo and fought the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.  In the summer of 1795, the Indians cam,e to Wayne and there signed the Treaty of Green Ville which became known as the Treaty of Greenville.

This ended what was known as the Northwest Indian War and is considered the beginning of modern Ohio history.

In addition, it established the Greenville Treaty Line, which was the boundary between Indian and American lands.  It also gave the U.S. government a lot of control over the Indians.

--Not a Good Treaty for the Indians.  --Brock-Perry

Major William McHenry, McHenry (Illinois) County's Namesake-- Part 1: From Kentucky

From Wikipedia

I had always though McHenry County, Illinois, where we live, was named for Baltimore's Fort McHenry, but just found out a short time ago that it was named for Major William McHenry.

William McHenry was an early Illinois politician and soldier.

He is believed to have been born in 1771 and married Hannah Ruth Blackford in the late 1790s in Logan County, Kentucky.  He served as a lieutenant in Price's Battalion of Mounted Volunteers and participated in thye Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, near modern day Toledo, Ohio.

McHenry moved from Henderson County, Kentucky, in 1810 and settled in what is now White County, Illinois, along the trail near the old salt works in Shawneetown, Illinois, and Fort Vincennes.

--Brock-Perry

A Frontier in Flames, War Along the U.S.-Canadian Frontier-- Part 3: Tecumseh Takes a Stand

Even without British meddling, Americans and Indians had long been on a collision course as American expansion accelerated.  They were pressed to sell or cede more and more of their traditional land.  Indian resentment grew.

Matters reached a flashpoint with the rise of two powerful leaders in the early 1800s-- the Shawnee Chief Tecumseh and American William Henry Harrison who served as territorial governor from mid-1800 to the end of 1812.

Tecumseh was born in 1768 in Ohio.  His name means "Shooting Star."  his father was killed in a battle with whites in 1774.  Tecumseh began fighting against white expansion at least 20 years before the War of 1812.  he was part of the Indian force that defeated General Arthur St. Clair on November 4, 1791, in Indiana.  He also fought at the Battle of Fallen Timbers on August 20, 1794, which ended an Indian alliance known as the Pan-Indian Movement.

--Brock-Perry

Leonard W. Covington-- Part 1: Northwest Indian War

From Wikipedia.

In a post on friday I mentioned that the original French Mills was renamed Fort Covington to honor Gen. Leonard Covington who died there after being mortally wounded at the Battle of Crysler's Farm.

Oct. 30, 1768 to Nov. 14, 1813

Brigadier general and member of U.S. House of Representatives.

Joined Army as a cornet in 1792, promoted to captain 1794 and served in the Northwest Indian War 1785-1795 under Anthony Wayne.  Distinguished self at Fort Recovery and Battle of Fallen Timbers.

He resigned after the Northwest Indian War and served in the House of Representatives from the state of Maryland from 1807.

--Brock-Perry